Andrew Moore asked:


Allergies are quite common today with practically everyone suffering from some form of allergy or the other. It is the overreaction of the immune system to antigens like bee stings, some food, insect stings or pollen that triggers an allergy. There are different types of allergic reactions that manifest itself in different ways in the body.

Allergies are generally mild with mild symptoms that go within a few days of getting rid of the trigger of the allergen. Occasionally, there are cases of people suffering from anaphylaxis which is a life threatening condition where there is difficulty in breathing and loss in consciousness.

One type of allergic reaction is seasonal allergic rhinitis, or hay fever. This is an allergic response to pollen and other microscopic substances that exist at certain times of the year. There are also conditions where allergic rhinitis works out to be perennial, or year round.

One of the types of allergic reactions is allergy to insect stings, which is very common. Some people however will not be aware of their allergy to insect stings until they are stung by an insect. More often than not, it is the second sting that triggers an allergy reaction while the first sting produces only a normal sting reaction. However if you have an allergy to insect stings, the severity of the reaction varies from person to person.

Allergy to latex is another of the types of allergic reactions where the person is allergic to substances made of natural latex. One of the main sources of this allergic reaction is rubber gloves while sometimes, latex that is used in other products like condoms and medical devices can trigger a reaction.

Mold allergy is an allergy that does not have a defined season as mold and fungi grow in all weather and thrive both indoors and outdoors. However some forms of outdoor mold tend to thrive in higher concentrations from spring to late fall. There are some people who suffer from allergy to cosmetics. With cosmetic allergy, you experience skin irritation because of some ingredients in the cosmetics like fragrances and preservatives. The two types of allergic reactions here are irritant contact dermatitis and allergic contact dermatitis.

Some people are allergic to pets; where it is not the pet’s feathers or fur that triggers a reaction. It is the invisible flakes of animal skin called dander that triggers sneezing, watery eyes and stuffy noses in some people. When you suffer from food allergies, it means that some food likes peanuts and jalapeños trigger an allergic reaction.

Symptoms here are like symptoms for different types of allergic reactions like hives, swelling of the throat and tongue, vomiting, abdominal cramps, diarrhea and a drop in blood pressure.

People suffering from allergic must know how to get first aid if it happens to them. Friend and family will be helpful if they know what it is. You will not know when it will be helpful.

Chris Marshall asked:


Seasonal Allergies usually occur during spring, fall and summer. Winter is not a common time for Allergies because there are not as many plants in bloom during this time due to the cold weather. When plants bloom and flourish, so do seasonal Allergies but this does not mean that this allergy is caused mainly by plants. The weather can also play a big role in triggering seasonal allergies.

Seasonal Allergies Due To Pollen And Dust

Pollen is one of the main causes of seasonal Allergies as well as dust and mold spores. These are common occurrences during spring and summer as well as during fall. The pollen from plants can cause serious hay fever in some individuals who are highly sensitive to the allergens they contain. Pollen tends to become airborne when the right season comes and these cause allergic reactions in individuals.

There is actually little that you can do about being allergic to pollen, dust and mold spores. Seasonal Allergies are usually controlled and not eliminated with the use of antihistamines. Although, not all areas of the city may have pollen, mold spores or dust, chances are, whenever you go around the city, you will encounter airborne mold spores, pollen and dust separately. If you are sensitive to any of these allergens, then you are highly likely to have an allergic reaction.

What To Expect From Seasonal Allergies

Seasonal Allergies usually manifest themselves as sneezing, runny noses, itchy eyes and other allergic rhinitis symptoms. You might initially think that you have a cold but actually there is a great deal of difference between the two. Seasonal Allergies are usually not accompanied by fever whereas a cold is and a cold usually lasts for around 10 days compared to seasonal Allergies that last for as long as you are exposed to the allergens.

Seasonal Allergies also react well to antihistamines whereas colds to decongestants. Allergies that rely on seasons also occur during summer, spring and fall compared to a cold that usually occur during winter. Allergies are also dependent on the individual’s reaction to allergens while colds can be transmitted from one person to another.

As stated earlier, these kinds of Allergies react well to antihistamines. Some may need stronger medication to control but the key is to lessen your exposure to the allergens. Allergens updates are also posted by the government to help out those who are sensitive to hay fever and other allergens.

Alien asked:

The word ‘allergic’ is often used loosely and has become almost a part of our general conversation. In a way it has become synonymous with ‘dislike’. Many ailments which cannot be immediately diagnosed are incorrectly attributed to allergy. Infact, allergy is an unusual response of the body caused by substances like foods, pollens, house dust, feathers, fungus, insecticides, drugs, and chronic infection.

The common allergic diseases are allergic rhinitis and hay fever, and the common cause is pollen. Allergy is due to abnormal antibodies of the IgE type which are formed only in some -susceptible individuals. Normally the antibodies are supposed to be protective. But the abnormal antibodies are fixed on special allergic cells called mast cells and on coming into contact with an allergen such as a pollen, release chemical agents such as histamine, serotonin, and slow-reacting substances. The release of these substances produce symptoms of allergy characterized by a running nose, itching, rash, and breathing difficulty.

Treatment

The management of allergic reactions includes specific treatment aimed at removing the cause, blocking allergic reaction by immuno-therapy, and symptomatic treatment. Some examples of allergen-avoidance are stopping use of such drugs, installation of air filters in air conditioners, keeping pets out of living room and removing dust collecting furniture and carpets.

Specific Treatment

Specific treatment consists of removal of the offending agents. This is done by ‘allergen testing’. Various extracts of possible offending agents are available and these are injected into the skin to detect the causative agent. However, in most cases it is difficult to identify the causative agent, but if it is found, desensitization of the individual can be carried out by injecting its doses. It has been found that through desensitization, the abnormal antibodies, that is, the IgE antibodies, are reduced or completely abolished, and protective antibodies, that is, the IgG anibodies are developed.

Symptomatic Treatment

The aim of symptomatic treatment is to check the release or antagonize the action of released chemical mediators of allergic reactions. The most important of these chemical mediators is believed to be histamine. For this reason antihistaminics are employed in almost all cases of allergy. Sometimes decongestants are combined with antihistaminics to enhance effects. Only in extremely severe cases are corticosteroids used.

Uses of Antihistaminics

Besides their use in allergy, antihistaminics are useful for prophylaxis and treatment of motion (travel) sickness and vomiting during pregnancy or following radiation. They are beneficial in the symptomatic treatment of Parkinsonism but ineffective in bronchial asthma. They are quite often used to treat common cold. In this condition anti-cholinergic effects of these drugs afford symptomatic relief by decreasing secretions of nose and respiratory passages.

Adverse Effects: The most common adverse effects are drowsiness and sedation which interfere with daytime activity, mental alertness, and reflex actions. Other side-effects include giddiness, ringing in the ears, weariness, fatigue, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, rapid pulse, a slight fall in BP, constipation, abdominal pain, dryness of mouth, urinary hasitancy and blurring of vision. Very high doses may induce fever. These adverse effects are more common in elderly people.

Precautions

Alcohol is forbidden with these drugs as sedation of a dangerous level may occur.

Driving and operating any kind of machine should be avoided after taking these drugs as they cause drowsiness.

If taken after a meal, the intensity of side-effects can be minimized.

Drugs containing chlorcyclizine and meclizine which are also antihistaminic, should not be self used by a pregnant woman. These may cause some adverse effects on the foetus.

Ointments containing these drugs should not be used for a prolonged period; allergic reactions have been found to be more common on local application of these drugs. (At times these anti-allergic drugs, when taken orally or more commonly, when applied on the skin, may cause allergic reaction. Is this not a paradox?)

Other Drugs for Symptomatic Treatment

Ketotifen (Ketovent, Ketotif)

This drug stabilizes the cell membranes of mast cells and thus prevents the release of histamine. Besides having antihistaminic properties, it is useful in preventing an attack of asthma. It does, however, cause drowsiness, a dry mouth, dizziness, nausea and weight gain.

Cromolyn Sodium (Ifiral, Fintal)

Used as eye drops (2%) in allergic conjunctivitis, nasal spray (2%) in allergic rhinitis and metered dose inhaler (1 to 2 mg/puff) in bronchial asthma.

Nedocromil

This drug is used 2 puffs, twice a day, in place of cromolyn.

Topical steroids like flunisolide (SYNTARIS) and budesonide (BUDECORT) are nasal spray.

Non-Sedative Antihistaminics for Symptomatic Treatment

These new generation anti-allergic drugs do not reach the brain and do not produce sedation (cetirizine causes some sedation) which is common adverse effects of all the drugs available in this group. These are therefore used more widely. They do not impair psychomotor activities such as driving and do not enhance effects of alcohol or diazepam. They are useful in allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, urticaria, drug allergies and atopic eczema. They are not effective in motion sickness, vertigo and should not be used in pregnancy. These agents are less effective than older drugs in common cold.

Decongestants Used in Symptomatic Treatment

These agents reduce the swelling of mucous membranes (shrinking effect) in allergic diseases by constricting small blood vessels. Some drugs are used by mouth such as pseudoephedrine (PSEUDAFED 60 mg tab) and phenylpropanolamine. The latter is rarely used alone.

Nikhil Abraham asked:

Allergic rhinitis

Also known as hay fever , this condition refers to an allergy to pollen , dust , pets etc. which results in sneezing / running nose , nasal stuffiness , watery and itchy eyes.

In most cases, symptoms are mild and at the most are inconvenient . But if its severe and persists for extended periods of time , it is a cause of concern and needs to be treated.

If the allergy is due to pollen , symptoms are seen in particular seasons depending on when the plant in question flowers. Allergies to other things could be throughout the year.

Diagnosis is by clinical symptoms. Skin/ blood allergen testing can also be done to pinpoint the cause for the allergy.

Though the obvious preventive step is to avoid exposure to the offending agent , in most cases since its environmental, it just cannot be avoided. Regular cleaning of living spaces and personal effects minimizes exposure to allergens.

Medicines for treatment fall into the following categories :

Antihistamines – these control symptoms such as sneezing , watering and itchiness of eyes etc. Though the older ones are cause drowsiness , the newer generation antihistamines have minimal sedative effects and are safe. There are even antihistamine nasal sprays which take effect fairly quickly.

Decongestants – are often combined with antihistamines in tablet form or are available as nasal sprays. Though these provide instant relief from nasal stuffiness, it is wise not to use them for more than a couple of days since long term administration is known to cause adverse changes in the nasal skin lining. This is also due to preservatives added to the solution. Also, with repeated use , the response decreases till there is no effect ultimately.

Intra nasal steroids are very effective in the treatment of symptoms that are present for long periods.. It is administered locally and hence is safe for long term use.

Other drugs that influence the allergic reaction cascade such as cromolyn and leukotriene receptor antagonists are also useful but need to be taken on a regular basis.

Oral/ injectable steroids are rarely given keeping in mind their long term effects and are only prescribed for short periods when symptoms are very severe.

Immunotherapy is also an option for those whose symptoms are severe, uncontrolled by medication , or if other allergic conditions (eg. asthma, eczema ) begin to develop.

troy saunders asked:


The word allergy is derived from the Greek words “allos,” meaning different or changed and “ergos,” meaning work or action. Allergy roughly alludes to an “altered reaction.”

An allergy alludes to an exaggerated reaction by our immune mechanism replying to bodily contact with certain foreign substances. Allergic peoples’s bodies recognize the foreign substance and one part of the immune mechanism is turned on. Allergy-producing substances are called “allergens.” Examples of allergens include pollens, dust mite, molds, danders, and foods. To comprehend the language of allergy it is necessary to recollect that allergens are substances that are foreign to the body and may cause an allergic reaction in certain people.

The immune mechanism is the body’s arranged defensive mechanism against foreign invaders, particularly infections. Its job is to recognize and react to these foreign substances, which are called antigens. The purpose of the immune mechanism is to muster its forces at the site of invasion and destroy the enemy. One of the strategies it does this is to create protecting proteins called antibodies that are specifically targeted against particular foreign substances.

When an allergen comes in contact with the body, it causes the immune mechanism to develop an allergic reaction in people who are allergic to it. When you inappropriately react to allergens that are normally harmless to folk, you are having an allergic reaction and can be called allergic or atopic.

Allergic Rhinitis.

Year round or evergreen allergic rhinitis is typically due to indoor allergens, like dust mites, animal dander, or molds. It can also be due to pollens. Symptoms result from the inflammation of the tissues that line the interior of the nose (mucus lining or surfaces ) after allergens are inhaled.

Asthma.

Asthma is a breathing problem that results from the inflammation and spasm of the lung’s air passages (bronchial tubes). The inflammation causes a narrowing of the air passages, which limits the flow of air into and out of the lungs.

This condition is frequently related to allergic rhinitis or asthma.

Hives.

Hives ( urticaria ) are skin reactions that appear as itchy swellings and can occur on any bit of the body. Hives can be due to an allergic reaction, like to a food or medicine, but they also may occur in non-allergic people.

Allergic Eyes.

Allergic eyes (allergic conjunctivitis) is inflammation of the tissue layers (membranes) that cover the skin of the eyeball and the undersurface of the eyelid. The inflammation occurs as a consequence of an allergic reaction

Allergic Shock.

Allergic shock ( anaphylaxis or anaphylactic shock ) is a potentially terminal allergic reaction that will affect a number of organs at the same time. This reply usually happens when the allergen is eaten (for example, foods ) or injected (for example, a bee sting).

Master The Technique of Controlling Allergies at HealthyLivingDigest.com

Michael Brown asked:


The woman who divorced her noisy partner told her friends that she was allergic to his snoring. What she didn’t realize is that his snoring was due to allergies.

The trumpeting noise associated with snoring is generated by airflow trying to push its way through an obstructed airway. While snoring is not an illness, it can be symptomatic of other health conditions, even an allergic reaction.

Allergic rhinitis is a health condition in which the membrane lining the throat and nose become inflamed. The inflamed membrane lining creates an obstruction in the airway, which in turn causes snoring. This condition is usually triggered by an allergic reaction to an inhaled substance. Seasonal allergic rhinitis is also known as hay fever.

Seasonal allergic rhinitis is usually due to trees, grass and other plant pollens, and occurs mainly in spring and summer when pollen counts are high. Perennial allergic rhinitis lasts yearlong, and is generally caused by an allergy to mold spores, animal fur, feathers, dust mites or house dust.

The symptoms of allergic rhinitis are quite clear:

* Sneezing

* Blocked or runny nose

* Red, watery, itchy eyes

* Itchy, irritated nose

* Headache

* Nosebleeds (not common)

* Snoring

If you believe that you are suffering from an allergic reaction, but you’re not sure of the cause, your doctor can perform a skin ***** allergy test. However, such tests are not fully conclusive, as some allergens will avoid identification.

In the event that you’ve pinpointed the cause of your reaction and taken steps to avoid it, your symptoms should subside very rapidly without further treatment. Some allergens, like pollen, are virtually impossible to avoid. In this case it may be necessary to take an anti-allergy drug to find relief.

Anti-allergy drugs in the form of nasal spray often contain sodium cromoglicate, a substance that blocks the allergy. Nasal sprays can be used as decongestants, but long-term use is not recommended. Corticosteroid drugs are often prescribed for hay fever, although their effectiveness is not instantaneous. Oral antihistamines may be used along with a decongestant to relieve inflammation and itching.

If allergic rhinitis is a persistent problem, your doctor might suggest immunotherapy, a procedure that desensitizes the immune system. Immunotherapy patients are injected with a series of gradually increasing doses of the allergen, to encourage the body to accept the substance without reacting. While immunotherapy can be an effective treatment for some allergy sufferers, it can take as many as four years for the treatment to be completed, and it is not always successful.

If you feel your snoring problem is caused by allergic rhinitis, there are several treatments available to help alleviate the problem. Try avoiding obvious allergens like furry animals. Use pillows and quilts with synthetic stuffing rather than feathers or down. Cover your mattress with a mite proof membrane. Remove soft furnishings and clean regularly to prevent dust collecting. Avoid visiting areas with long or newly cut grass. Purchase a pollen filter for your car and a HEPA filter for your home.

By avoiding the causes, you allergic reactions should diminish, and your allergy-induced snoring can disappear altogether.